Papers
This section presents a collection of AHP/ANP papers. Whether you are a student, academic and/or professional in the field of decision making, you can help us expand this collection by sharing your papers on decision making with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Analytic Network Process (ANP).
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Paper results for keyword: ANPEvaluating and Optimizing Technological Innovation Efficiency of Industrial Enterprises Based on Both Data and Judgments
Wei Gu, Thomas Saaty, Lirong WeiJournal: International Journal of Information Technology & Decision MakingTechnological innovation as one of the most important competitive strategies for companies has attracted the attentions of companies and governments. In this paper, we present an evaluation method based on data and judgments to rank the technological innovation capability and technological innova...
Read MoreAxioms of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its Generalization to Dependence and Feedback: The Analytic Network Process (ANP)
Thomas Saaty, Konrad KułakowskiJournal: eprint arXiv:1605.05777The AHP/ANP are multicriteria decision-making theories that deal with both hierarchic structures when the criteria are independent of the alternatives and with networks when there is any dependence within and between elements of the decision. Both of them have been repeatedly used in practice by ...
Read MoreFive Ways to Combine Tangibles with Intangibles
Thomas SaatyJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis paper presents five different ways to establish weights for the criteria that govern making comparisons. Four of these can be done in the context of the AHP, but the fifth and most reliable one is obtained by using the ANP.
Read MoreThe Need for Adding Judgment in Baysian Prediction
Thomas Saaty, Lei ZhangJournal: International Journal of Information Technology & Decision MakingThere are many examples of successful application of the famous Bayes’ theorem to forecast the outcome of causes or influences of events. However, there are also many examples of failures of just using probabilities and statistics without also using judgments in each particular application. This ...
Read MoreRanking countries more reliably in the summer olympics
Thomas Saaty, Mujgan Sagir OzdemirJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessIn this paper we consider the many intangible criteria that influence the outcome of the Summer Olympics by using the Analytic Network Process, and apply the ideas to evaluate the medals won and the country scores in the 2012 London Olympics. Both the categories of games and the events in each ga...
Read MoreAbout a hundred years of creativity in decision making
Thomas SaatyJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessCan all the methods people invented to do decision making be right all the time? Maybe for making trivial decisions, but not in the case of those that involve dependence and feedback and need complete analysis of benefits, opportunities, costs and risks to get an overall justifiable outcome.
Read MoreA new approach to the middle east conflict: the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Thomas Saaty, Luis VargasWe present an alternative process to address the Israeli Palestinian conflict. It does so in two ways that are different from past efforts. The first is by formally structuring the conflict and the second is the manner in which discussions are conducted and conclusions drawn.
Read MoreThe Analytic Hierarchy Process applied to complexity
Thomas Saaty, Nina BegicevicJournal: International Journal of Economics and Business ResearchEven in science, there is always the human element of using our own assumptions in logic, our feelings, our values and numerous criteria we must deal with. In addition, we often have to include the measurements of tangibles that always need agreed upon subjective judgement to interpret what exact...
Read MoreThe possibility of group choice: pairwise comparisons and merging functions
Thomas Saaty, Luis VargasJournal: Social Choice and WelfarePreferences in Arrow’s conditions are ordinal. Here we show that when intensity of preference represented by reciprocal pairwise comparisons is considered, it is always possible to construct an Arrowian social welfare function using a two-stage social choice process. In stage 1, the individual pa...
Read MoreWords from the AHP Creator
Thomas SaatyJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessLet me take this occasion to wish this journal and its contributors my very best. It is a joyful occasion to have our own journal for decision making with the AHP/ANP and my message to you follows.
Read MoreSynthesis of complex criteria decision making: a case towards a consensus agreement for a Middle East conflict resolution
H. J. Zoffer, Asma Bahurmoz, Mohammed K. Hamid, Marcel MinutoloJournal: Group Decision and NegotiationThe title of this paper reflects both the process and the outcome of the current undertaking. Frustrated with the current state of the Middle East but encouraged by earlier attempts at modeling complex problems, the authors participated in a panel discussion assembled to address the conflict and ...
Read MoreTime dependent decision-making dynamic priorities in the AHP/ANP: Generalizing from points to functions and from real to complex variables
Thomas SaatyJournal: Mathematical and Computer ModellingBecause good decisions depend on the conditions of the future, and because conditions vary over time, to make a good decision requires judgments of what is more likely or more preferred over different time periods. There are at least three ways to deal with dynamic decisions. One is to include in...
Read MoreThe Analytic Hierarchy Process: wash criteria should not be ignored
Thomas Saaty, Luis VargasJournal: International Journal of Management and Decision Making In this short paper it is shown that care is required to perform the appropriate normalisation needed to derive the right set of priorities from paired comparisons when criteria are added or deleted in a decision problem. This is particularly true for criteria with respect to which the alternativ...
Read MoreAn Analytic Network Process model for financial-crisis forecasting
Michael Niemira, Thomas SaatyJournal: International Journal of ForecastingWe discuss and develop an imbalance-crisis turning point model to forecast the likelihood of a financial crisis based on an Analytic Network Process framework. The Analytic Network Process (ANP) is a general theory of relative measurement used to derive composite-priority-ratio scales from indivi...
Read MoreFundamentals of the Analytic Network Process—multiple networks with benefits, costs, opportunities and risks
Thomas SaatyJournal: Journal of systems science and systems engineeringThe general theory of the ANP enables one to deal with the benefits, opportunities, costs, and risks (the BOCR merits) of a decision, by introducing the notion of negative priorities for C and R along with the rating (not comparison) of the top priority alternative synthesized for each of the fou...
Read MoreFundamentals of the Analytic Network Process—Dependence and feedback in decision-making with a single network
Thomas SaatyJournal: Journal of Systems science and Systems engineeringThe Analytic Network Process (ANP) is a multicriteria theory of measurement used to derive relative priority scales of absolute numbers from individual judgments (or from actual measurements normalized to a relative form) that also belong to a fundamental scale of absolute numbers. These judgment...
Read MoreDecision making—the Analytic Hierarchy and Network Processes (AHP/ANP)
Thomas SaatyJournal: Journal of systems science and systems engineeringThis is the first part of an introduction to multicriteria decision making using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its generalization, the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The discussion involves individual and group decisions both with the independence of the criteria from the alternatives...
Read MoreAutomatic decision-making: Neural firing and response
Thomas SaatyJournal: Journal of Systems Science and Systems EngineeringIn contrast with conscious decision-making, there are numerous subconscious decisions that we make without thinking about them. Some are biological and are made by different parts of our body to keep it alive and functioning normally. Others are a result of repetition and training that we can the...
Read MoreForecasting the resurgence of the US economy in 2001: an expert judgment approach
Andrew Blair, Gershon Mandelker, Thomas Saaty, Rozann WhitakerJournal: Socio-Economic Planning SciencesThis paper describes a forecast of the date for the resumption of growth of the US economy in 2001. It uses an expert judgment approach within the framework of decision theory, the Analytic Hierarchy Process, as well as its generalization to dependence and feedback, the Analytic Network Process.
Read MoreDecision Making with The Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Its Super-Decisions
Thomas SaatyJournal: Software The National Missile Defence (NMD) ExampleThere are three phases in the creation of the structure of a complex decision, 1) the subjective personal, group or corporate values, 2) the interface- merits of the decision between the first (the subjective), and the third (the objective) phases: Benefits, opportunities, costs and risks and the...
Read MoreThe seven pillars of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Thomas SaatyJournal: Multiple Criteria Decision Making in the New Millennium The seven pillars of the AHP, some highlights of which are discussed in the paper, are: 1) ratio scales derived from reciprocal paired comparisons; 2) paired comparisons and the psychophysical origin of the fundamental scale used to make the comparisons; 3) conditions for sensitivity of the eigen...
Read MoreDecisions with the Analytic Network Process (ANP)
Thomas SaatyJournal: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (ISAHP’96)For very large model applications, AHP is known to suffer from a number of shortcomings related to time, effort and consistency at performing multiple painvise comparisons. A number of methods have been proposed to shorten the time and relate the effort to the decision precision required, or inde...
Read MoreTransport planning with multiple criteria: the Analytic Hierarchy Process applications and progress review
Thomas SaatyJournal: Journal of advanced transportationFive examples of applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) are made to illustrate the different uses of this ratio scale multicriteria decision method in transportation. They include a commuter route selection hierarchy, a best mix of routes to Pittsburgh's new International Airport, a...
Read MoreHow to Handle Dependence with the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Thomas SaatyJournal: Mathematical ModellingHierarchic and network systems are discussed as basic frameworks of unstructured problems modeled by the Analytic Hierarchy Process. A hierarchy represents a linear chain of interactions, whereas a network allows for feedback in the form of cycles and loops. A theory is provided for the prioritie...
Read MoreAn AHP-ANP Comparative Study on the Structural Impact of Adding or Deleting Indifferent Criteria
Min-Suk YoonJournal: Korean Corporation Management ReviewThis study deals with addition of indifferent or wash criteria on which the alternatives have equal performance in the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) against the misguided argument as shortcoming of the AHP. In such case, it is noted that careful attention and a correct approach are required in...
Read MoreClassification of the Analytic Hierarchy Process Approaches by Application Circumstances
Min-Suk Yoon , Eizo KinoshitaJournal: International Journal of Management Science This paper studies six different AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) approaches and suggests that the features of the approaches are classified by application circumstances in order to contribute to the applicability and quality usage of the AHP. Our study investigates the hierarchical principles an...
Read MoreA strategic model for safety during the Hajj pilgrimage: An ANP application
Asma Mohammed BahurmozJournal: Journal of Systems science and systems engineeringSaudi Arabia every year receives more than two million Muslims from all over the world to perform the Hajj, the Muslim pilgrimage to Makkah. It must take place during a specific period of the year in a specific and limited space. In spite of the effort government agencies devote to this event, a ...
Read MoreA Systemic Rebuttal to the Criticism of Using the Eigenvector for Priority Assessment in Decision Making
Claudio Garuti, Valerio Salomon, Isabel SpencerJournal: Computacion y SistemasArguments have been provided against the use of the eigenvector as the operator that derives priorities. A highlight of the arguments is that the eigenvector solution does not always respect the condition of ordinal preference (COP) based on the decision maker's judgments. While this conditio...
Read MoreHow to Obtain a Global Reference Threshold in AHP/ANP
Claudio GarutiJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis paper has two main objectives. The first objective is to provide a mathematically grounded technique to construct local and global thresholds using the well-known rate of change method. The next objective, which is secondary, is to show the relevance and possibilities of applying the AHP/ANP...
Read MoreIncreasing the level of certainty in medical diagnosis Using AHP/ANP with compatibility index G in support of medical diagnosis
Claudio Garuti, Mario SandovalJournal: International Journal of Medical Engineering and InformaticsThis paper is based on the development of a web-based tool, in support of medical decision making called medical sapiens (MS), oriented to improve diagnostic accuracy and diminishing the uncertainty of the initial diagnosis. It has been developed for four years working with several senior physici...
Read MoreParallelism Between Space Geometry and Decision Making Space
Claudio GarutiJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThe aim of this essay is show some interesting analogies between space geometry and decision making space, as well as, a possible unit of measure of distance for priority vectors coming from (for instance) an AHP/ANP structure, applying the compatibility index G as a new way of measure distance i...
Read MoreParallels between the analytic hierarchy and network processes (AHP/ANP) and fractal geometry
Claudio Garuti, Isabel SpencerJournal: Mathematical and Computer ModellingThe aim of this work is to show the parallelisms and analogies that exist in modeling and measuring of dependence and feedback processes, in physical and in decision making processes, that is, to compare among the scales of measurement of the physical world (geometry) and the scales of measuremen...
Read MoreReflections On Scales From Measurements, Not Measurements From Scale
Claudio GarutiJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis essay will discuss the different kinds of scales that are frequently used, and what can and cannot be done with them. We will also explore what absolute numbers are and how to work with them to deal with quantitative and qualitative data. From my point of view, this is the starting point for...
Read MoreEmployability Skills Development Approaches: An Application of the Analytic Network Process
Mohamad Shukri Abdul Hamid, Rafikul Islam, Noor Hazilah Abd ManafJournal: Asian Academy of Management JournalInstitutions of higher learning need to re-evaluate their teaching-learning approaches to develop the necessary employability skills for their graduates. The main objectives of this study are to identify the important employability skills and the corresponding employability skills development app...
Read MoreSustainability performance measurement with analytic network process and balanced scorecard: Cuban practical case
Frank Medel-González, Lourdes Francisca García-Ávila, Valerio Salomon, Jorge Marx-Gómez, Cecilia Toledo HernándezJournal: ProductionThe recent years has arisen a global discussion in relation with how to incorporate sustainability at a business level. Corporate sustainability is a multidimensional concept, is the translation of Sustainable Development concept at a business level. Sustainability in organizations must be manage...
Read MoreUsing ANP and BOCR Structure for Location Analysis of Plywood and Veneer Industry Plants, the Case of Iran
Majid Azizi, S. Amiri , M. ModarresJournal: Journal of the Institute of Wood ScienceThe aim of this article is to show how to select the best location for the establishment of wood industry units in Iran. The decision is examined in a framework of benefits, opportunities, costs, and risks (the BOCR), called the merits of the decision. A hierarchy is used to prioritize the BOCR t...
Read MoreA strategic model for location selection of wood industry, an application of ANP
Majid Azizi, Mohammad ModarresJournal: Journal of Applied SciencesThe objective of this research is to design a method for selection of an appropriate location to establish plywood and veneer plants in Iran. Due to the climate of this region as well as the destruction of the forests and lack of proper plantation, the supporting forests to feed this industry are...
Read MoreApplying ANP for raw material supply in Iranian paper industry
Majid Azizi, Mohammad ModarresJournal: OR Insight volumeThe aim of this paper is to develop a strategic plan for selecting the best options for the supply of raw material to feed paper producing plants. The decision-making is examined within the framework of benefits, opportunities, costs, and risks (BOCR). A hierarchy is used to prioritize the BOCR, ...
Read MoreA model of supplying poplar wood for Iranian paper & wood factories
Majid AziziJournal: Journal of Forestry ResearchThe objective of this research is to design a method for an appropriate alternative to supply poplar wood as raw material for wood and paper factories in Iran. Due to the destruction of the forests and lack of proper plantation, replacement of the forest wood by the fast growing wood is vital to ...
Read MoreA decision model to select facial tissue raw material, a case from Iran
Majid Azizi, Mohammad ModarresJournal: OR InsightThe objective of this research is to design an approach for selecting appropriate raw materials for facial tissues in Iran. There are three possibilities to maintain raw materials: (1) imported virgin pulp; (2) bagasse (sugar cane residue) plus some imported raw materials; and (3) recycled paper ...
Read MoreA decision making model for investment and development of construction panels
Majid Azizi, Mohammad ModarresJournal: Journal of Forestry ResearchA study was conducted to select the best alternative for the development of construction panels as well as investment in its manufacturing in Iran. Three alternatives are considered, cement-bonded wood composite product, substituted products (such as concrete panel) sandwich panel and a mixture o...
Read MoreThe application of Analytical Network Process to environmental prioritizing criteria for coastal oil jetties site selection in Persian Gulf coasts (Iran)
Mansoureh Hasanzadeh, Afshin Danehkar, Majid AziziJournal: Ocean & Coastal Management Oil jetties are among the most effective land structures, which have cause a different potential for coastal environment destruction. These effects relate to the oil products of these industries that cause extensive oil pollution in coastal regions. Thus, the identification and prioritization of ...
Read MoreIntroducing a status of access to raw material resources for manufacturers of cellulosic industries
Majid Azizi, Charles RayJournal: Forest Policy and EconomicsDue to the implementation of Iran's Northern Forest Protection Plan for wood resources, manufacturers of wood and paper have a major problem in raw material supply in Iran; hence, they have to search for other resources to supply and procure their required raw material. Although there are som...
Read MoreProposing a decision model for privatization of newsprint paper industry by applying ANP
Majid Azizi, Charles RayJournal: Cogent Business & ManagementThis study proposes a decision model for privatization of newsprint paper industry. Newsprint paper has very demanding market requirements, ones that must be adapted in quality and quantity with consumers’ media preferences. In Iran, there is one newsprint paper producer that supplies 70% of dome...
Read MoreApplying ANP to analyze the role of design in the furniture industry
Majid Azizi, Gholamreza MehdikhanlooJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis study was carried out due to the severe dearth of research on the role of design in furniture production and the furniture market in Iran. Accordingly, this research proposes a decision making model to select the best solution for the role of design in this industry. The four possibilities t...
Read MoreAnalysis of Marketing strategic planning in the home furniture industry by applying ANP: a case study of the Iranian home furniture industry
Majid Azizi, Hamzehali MansouriJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis study was carried out because of the lack of research on strategic planning in Iran's home furniture market. Accordingly, in this study, we developed a decision-making model to select the best solution for strategic planning in the industry. After determining the strategic criteria or fa...
Read MoreComparative Measurement of Investment Funds Performance with Analytical Network Process: A Case Study in Serbia
Milena Jaksic, Predrag Mimovic, Violeta TodorovicJournal: Proceedings of the 3rd International OFEL Conference on Corporate Governance, Management and EntrepreneurshipThe measurement of financial institutions performance is a pre-condition for a complete view of the financial system efficiency. Thus, the modern financial environment imposes the need for constant finding and defining of the new concepts and performance measurement models with the aim of raising...
Read MoreMulticriteria approach to the evaluation of the key success factors of University spin-offs – the model of Analytic Network Process
A. Krstic, Predrag MimovicJournal: International Scientific Conference EBM, Contemporary Issues in Economics, Business and ManagementThis paper is published in International Scientific Conference EBM, Contemporary Issues in Economics, Business and Management, Conference Proceedings. ISBN 978-86-6091-049-5.
Multicriteria approach to the evaluation of the key success factors of University spin-offs – the model of Analytic Netwo...
Read MoreReflections: Mathematical principles of decision making
Birsen KarpakJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis article discusses my reflections on Mathematical Principles of Decision Making by Thomas Saaty  (Saaty T. L., 2010). In this book, Saaty very clearly explains his Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) theory for measuring both tangible and intangible factors. Experts judgments are elicited about...
Read MoreA new combined IF-DEMATEL and IF-ANP approach for CRM partner evaluation
Gulcin Buyukozkan, Sezin Guleryuz, Birsen KarpakJournal: International Journal of Production EconomicsSelection of the most suitable business partner is a strategic decision for outsourcing problems. This study aims to provide an effective evaluation approach for assessing alternative CRM partners. The choice of a suitable partner is a very complex decision, involving many conflicting objectives ...
Read MoreTiming cooperative relationships with sequential capability development process to reduce capability development trade-offs
Ramesh Dangol, Mona Bahl, Birsen KarpakJournal: International Journal of Production EconomicsA key challenge for a firm is to continuously develop new capabilities in order to address changes in the external environment. Prior research on firm capabilities posits that knowledge sharing within supply chains can contribute to the firm׳s new capability development efforts. Although existing...
Read MoreSmall medium manufacturing enterprises in Turkey: An analytic network process framework for prioritizing factors affecting success
Birsen Karpak, lker TopcuJournal: International Journal of Production EconomicsA multiple criteria framework has been developed to prioritize the measures of success and the antecedents for Turkish small to medium sized manufacturing enterprises. Analytical network process (ANP) has been used to construct the framework because of the dependency among measures of success and...
Read MoreSustainable supply chain: a modification suggestion to an existing strategic framework
Birsen KarpakJournal: Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process for Multi-criteria Decision Making The 10th International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessSupply chain management is a prosperous area of research for AHP/ANP scientists. There have already been quite a few AHP/ANP applications. This presentation suggests an improvement in one of the existing ANP based strategic decision frameworks published in the literature.
The published strategic...
Read MoreAn analytical network process-based framework for successful total quality management (TQM): An assessment of Turkish manufacturing industry readiness
Ozden Bayazit, Birsen KarpakJournal: International Journal of Production EconomicsIn this study, we have developed an analytic network process (ANP)-based framework to identify the level of impact of different factors on total quality management (TQM) implementation and to assess the readiness of the Turkish manufacturing industry to adopt TQM practices. ANP is a methodology r...
Read More
Evaluating and Optimizing Technological Innovation Efficiency of Industrial Enterprises Based on Both Data and Judgments
Wei Gu, Thomas Saaty, Lirong WeiJournal: International Journal of Information Technology & Decision MakingTechnological innovation as one of the most important competitive strategies for companies has attracted the attentions of companies and governments. In this paper, we present an evaluation method based on data and judgments to rank the technological innovation capability and technological innova...
Read MoreAxioms of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its Generalization to Dependence and Feedback: The Analytic Network Process (ANP)
Thomas Saaty, Konrad KułakowskiJournal: eprint arXiv:1605.05777The AHP/ANP are multicriteria decision-making theories that deal with both hierarchic structures when the criteria are independent of the alternatives and with networks when there is any dependence within and between elements of the decision. Both of them have been repeatedly used in practice by ...
Read MoreFive Ways to Combine Tangibles with Intangibles
Thomas SaatyJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis paper presents five different ways to establish weights for the criteria that govern making comparisons. Four of these can be done in the context of the AHP, but the fifth and most reliable one is obtained by using the ANP.
Read MoreThe Need for Adding Judgment in Baysian Prediction
Thomas Saaty, Lei ZhangJournal: International Journal of Information Technology & Decision MakingThere are many examples of successful application of the famous Bayes’ theorem to forecast the outcome of causes or influences of events. However, there are also many examples of failures of just using probabilities and statistics without also using judgments in each particular application. This ...
Read MoreRanking countries more reliably in the summer olympics
Thomas Saaty, Mujgan Sagir OzdemirJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessIn this paper we consider the many intangible criteria that influence the outcome of the Summer Olympics by using the Analytic Network Process, and apply the ideas to evaluate the medals won and the country scores in the 2012 London Olympics. Both the categories of games and the events in each ga...
Read MoreAbout a hundred years of creativity in decision making
Thomas SaatyJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessCan all the methods people invented to do decision making be right all the time? Maybe for making trivial decisions, but not in the case of those that involve dependence and feedback and need complete analysis of benefits, opportunities, costs and risks to get an overall justifiable outcome.
Read MoreA new approach to the middle east conflict: the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Thomas Saaty, Luis VargasWe present an alternative process to address the Israeli Palestinian conflict. It does so in two ways that are different from past efforts. The first is by formally structuring the conflict and the second is the manner in which discussions are conducted and conclusions drawn.
Read MoreThe Analytic Hierarchy Process applied to complexity
Thomas Saaty, Nina BegicevicJournal: International Journal of Economics and Business ResearchEven in science, there is always the human element of using our own assumptions in logic, our feelings, our values and numerous criteria we must deal with. In addition, we often have to include the measurements of tangibles that always need agreed upon subjective judgement to interpret what exact...
Read MoreThe possibility of group choice: pairwise comparisons and merging functions
Thomas Saaty, Luis VargasJournal: Social Choice and WelfarePreferences in Arrow’s conditions are ordinal. Here we show that when intensity of preference represented by reciprocal pairwise comparisons is considered, it is always possible to construct an Arrowian social welfare function using a two-stage social choice process. In stage 1, the individual pa...
Read MoreWords from the AHP Creator
Thomas SaatyJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessLet me take this occasion to wish this journal and its contributors my very best. It is a joyful occasion to have our own journal for decision making with the AHP/ANP and my message to you follows.
Read MoreSynthesis of complex criteria decision making: a case towards a consensus agreement for a Middle East conflict resolution
H. J. Zoffer, Asma Bahurmoz, Mohammed K. Hamid, Marcel MinutoloJournal: Group Decision and NegotiationThe title of this paper reflects both the process and the outcome of the current undertaking. Frustrated with the current state of the Middle East but encouraged by earlier attempts at modeling complex problems, the authors participated in a panel discussion assembled to address the conflict and ...
Read MoreTime dependent decision-making dynamic priorities in the AHP/ANP: Generalizing from points to functions and from real to complex variables
Thomas SaatyJournal: Mathematical and Computer ModellingBecause good decisions depend on the conditions of the future, and because conditions vary over time, to make a good decision requires judgments of what is more likely or more preferred over different time periods. There are at least three ways to deal with dynamic decisions. One is to include in...
Read MoreThe Analytic Hierarchy Process: wash criteria should not be ignored
Thomas Saaty, Luis VargasJournal: International Journal of Management and Decision Making In this short paper it is shown that care is required to perform the appropriate normalisation needed to derive the right set of priorities from paired comparisons when criteria are added or deleted in a decision problem. This is particularly true for criteria with respect to which the alternativ...
Read MoreAn Analytic Network Process model for financial-crisis forecasting
Michael Niemira, Thomas SaatyJournal: International Journal of ForecastingWe discuss and develop an imbalance-crisis turning point model to forecast the likelihood of a financial crisis based on an Analytic Network Process framework. The Analytic Network Process (ANP) is a general theory of relative measurement used to derive composite-priority-ratio scales from indivi...
Read MoreFundamentals of the Analytic Network Process—multiple networks with benefits, costs, opportunities and risks
Thomas SaatyJournal: Journal of systems science and systems engineeringThe general theory of the ANP enables one to deal with the benefits, opportunities, costs, and risks (the BOCR merits) of a decision, by introducing the notion of negative priorities for C and R along with the rating (not comparison) of the top priority alternative synthesized for each of the fou...
Read MoreFundamentals of the Analytic Network Process—Dependence and feedback in decision-making with a single network
Thomas SaatyJournal: Journal of Systems science and Systems engineeringThe Analytic Network Process (ANP) is a multicriteria theory of measurement used to derive relative priority scales of absolute numbers from individual judgments (or from actual measurements normalized to a relative form) that also belong to a fundamental scale of absolute numbers. These judgment...
Read MoreDecision making—the Analytic Hierarchy and Network Processes (AHP/ANP)
Thomas SaatyJournal: Journal of systems science and systems engineeringThis is the first part of an introduction to multicriteria decision making using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its generalization, the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The discussion involves individual and group decisions both with the independence of the criteria from the alternatives...
Read MoreAutomatic decision-making: Neural firing and response
Thomas SaatyJournal: Journal of Systems Science and Systems EngineeringIn contrast with conscious decision-making, there are numerous subconscious decisions that we make without thinking about them. Some are biological and are made by different parts of our body to keep it alive and functioning normally. Others are a result of repetition and training that we can the...
Read MoreForecasting the resurgence of the US economy in 2001: an expert judgment approach
Andrew Blair, Gershon Mandelker, Thomas Saaty, Rozann WhitakerJournal: Socio-Economic Planning SciencesThis paper describes a forecast of the date for the resumption of growth of the US economy in 2001. It uses an expert judgment approach within the framework of decision theory, the Analytic Hierarchy Process, as well as its generalization to dependence and feedback, the Analytic Network Process.
Read MoreDecision Making with The Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Its Super-Decisions
Thomas SaatyJournal: Software The National Missile Defence (NMD) ExampleThere are three phases in the creation of the structure of a complex decision, 1) the subjective personal, group or corporate values, 2) the interface- merits of the decision between the first (the subjective), and the third (the objective) phases: Benefits, opportunities, costs and risks and the...
Read MoreThe seven pillars of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Thomas SaatyJournal: Multiple Criteria Decision Making in the New Millennium The seven pillars of the AHP, some highlights of which are discussed in the paper, are: 1) ratio scales derived from reciprocal paired comparisons; 2) paired comparisons and the psychophysical origin of the fundamental scale used to make the comparisons; 3) conditions for sensitivity of the eigen...
Read MoreDecisions with the Analytic Network Process (ANP)
Thomas SaatyJournal: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (ISAHP’96)For very large model applications, AHP is known to suffer from a number of shortcomings related to time, effort and consistency at performing multiple painvise comparisons. A number of methods have been proposed to shorten the time and relate the effort to the decision precision required, or inde...
Read MoreTransport planning with multiple criteria: the Analytic Hierarchy Process applications and progress review
Thomas SaatyJournal: Journal of advanced transportationFive examples of applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) are made to illustrate the different uses of this ratio scale multicriteria decision method in transportation. They include a commuter route selection hierarchy, a best mix of routes to Pittsburgh's new International Airport, a...
Read MoreHow to Handle Dependence with the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Thomas SaatyJournal: Mathematical ModellingHierarchic and network systems are discussed as basic frameworks of unstructured problems modeled by the Analytic Hierarchy Process. A hierarchy represents a linear chain of interactions, whereas a network allows for feedback in the form of cycles and loops. A theory is provided for the prioritie...
Read MoreAn AHP-ANP Comparative Study on the Structural Impact of Adding or Deleting Indifferent Criteria
Min-Suk YoonJournal: Korean Corporation Management ReviewThis study deals with addition of indifferent or wash criteria on which the alternatives have equal performance in the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) against the misguided argument as shortcoming of the AHP. In such case, it is noted that careful attention and a correct approach are required in...
Read MoreClassification of the Analytic Hierarchy Process Approaches by Application Circumstances
Min-Suk Yoon , Eizo KinoshitaJournal: International Journal of Management Science This paper studies six different AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) approaches and suggests that the features of the approaches are classified by application circumstances in order to contribute to the applicability and quality usage of the AHP. Our study investigates the hierarchical principles an...
Read MoreA strategic model for safety during the Hajj pilgrimage: An ANP application
Asma Mohammed BahurmozJournal: Journal of Systems science and systems engineeringSaudi Arabia every year receives more than two million Muslims from all over the world to perform the Hajj, the Muslim pilgrimage to Makkah. It must take place during a specific period of the year in a specific and limited space. In spite of the effort government agencies devote to this event, a ...
Read MoreA Systemic Rebuttal to the Criticism of Using the Eigenvector for Priority Assessment in Decision Making
Claudio Garuti, Valerio Salomon, Isabel SpencerJournal: Computacion y SistemasArguments have been provided against the use of the eigenvector as the operator that derives priorities. A highlight of the arguments is that the eigenvector solution does not always respect the condition of ordinal preference (COP) based on the decision maker's judgments. While this conditio...
Read MoreHow to Obtain a Global Reference Threshold in AHP/ANP
Claudio GarutiJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis paper has two main objectives. The first objective is to provide a mathematically grounded technique to construct local and global thresholds using the well-known rate of change method. The next objective, which is secondary, is to show the relevance and possibilities of applying the AHP/ANP...
Read MoreIncreasing the level of certainty in medical diagnosis Using AHP/ANP with compatibility index G in support of medical diagnosis
Claudio Garuti, Mario SandovalJournal: International Journal of Medical Engineering and InformaticsThis paper is based on the development of a web-based tool, in support of medical decision making called medical sapiens (MS), oriented to improve diagnostic accuracy and diminishing the uncertainty of the initial diagnosis. It has been developed for four years working with several senior physici...
Read MoreParallelism Between Space Geometry and Decision Making Space
Claudio GarutiJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThe aim of this essay is show some interesting analogies between space geometry and decision making space, as well as, a possible unit of measure of distance for priority vectors coming from (for instance) an AHP/ANP structure, applying the compatibility index G as a new way of measure distance i...
Read MoreParallels between the analytic hierarchy and network processes (AHP/ANP) and fractal geometry
Claudio Garuti, Isabel SpencerJournal: Mathematical and Computer ModellingThe aim of this work is to show the parallelisms and analogies that exist in modeling and measuring of dependence and feedback processes, in physical and in decision making processes, that is, to compare among the scales of measurement of the physical world (geometry) and the scales of measuremen...
Read MoreReflections On Scales From Measurements, Not Measurements From Scale
Claudio GarutiJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis essay will discuss the different kinds of scales that are frequently used, and what can and cannot be done with them. We will also explore what absolute numbers are and how to work with them to deal with quantitative and qualitative data. From my point of view, this is the starting point for...
Read MoreEmployability Skills Development Approaches: An Application of the Analytic Network Process
Mohamad Shukri Abdul Hamid, Rafikul Islam, Noor Hazilah Abd ManafJournal: Asian Academy of Management JournalInstitutions of higher learning need to re-evaluate their teaching-learning approaches to develop the necessary employability skills for their graduates. The main objectives of this study are to identify the important employability skills and the corresponding employability skills development app...
Read MoreSustainability performance measurement with analytic network process and balanced scorecard: Cuban practical case
Frank Medel-González, Lourdes Francisca García-Ávila, Valerio Salomon, Jorge Marx-Gómez, Cecilia Toledo HernándezJournal: ProductionThe recent years has arisen a global discussion in relation with how to incorporate sustainability at a business level. Corporate sustainability is a multidimensional concept, is the translation of Sustainable Development concept at a business level. Sustainability in organizations must be manage...
Read MoreUsing ANP and BOCR Structure for Location Analysis of Plywood and Veneer Industry Plants, the Case of Iran
Majid Azizi, S. Amiri , M. ModarresJournal: Journal of the Institute of Wood ScienceThe aim of this article is to show how to select the best location for the establishment of wood industry units in Iran. The decision is examined in a framework of benefits, opportunities, costs, and risks (the BOCR), called the merits of the decision. A hierarchy is used to prioritize the BOCR t...
Read MoreA strategic model for location selection of wood industry, an application of ANP
Majid Azizi, Mohammad ModarresJournal: Journal of Applied SciencesThe objective of this research is to design a method for selection of an appropriate location to establish plywood and veneer plants in Iran. Due to the climate of this region as well as the destruction of the forests and lack of proper plantation, the supporting forests to feed this industry are...
Read MoreApplying ANP for raw material supply in Iranian paper industry
Majid Azizi, Mohammad ModarresJournal: OR Insight volumeThe aim of this paper is to develop a strategic plan for selecting the best options for the supply of raw material to feed paper producing plants. The decision-making is examined within the framework of benefits, opportunities, costs, and risks (BOCR). A hierarchy is used to prioritize the BOCR, ...
Read MoreA model of supplying poplar wood for Iranian paper & wood factories
Majid AziziJournal: Journal of Forestry ResearchThe objective of this research is to design a method for an appropriate alternative to supply poplar wood as raw material for wood and paper factories in Iran. Due to the destruction of the forests and lack of proper plantation, replacement of the forest wood by the fast growing wood is vital to ...
Read MoreA decision model to select facial tissue raw material, a case from Iran
Majid Azizi, Mohammad ModarresJournal: OR InsightThe objective of this research is to design an approach for selecting appropriate raw materials for facial tissues in Iran. There are three possibilities to maintain raw materials: (1) imported virgin pulp; (2) bagasse (sugar cane residue) plus some imported raw materials; and (3) recycled paper ...
Read MoreA decision making model for investment and development of construction panels
Majid Azizi, Mohammad ModarresJournal: Journal of Forestry ResearchA study was conducted to select the best alternative for the development of construction panels as well as investment in its manufacturing in Iran. Three alternatives are considered, cement-bonded wood composite product, substituted products (such as concrete panel) sandwich panel and a mixture o...
Read MoreThe application of Analytical Network Process to environmental prioritizing criteria for coastal oil jetties site selection in Persian Gulf coasts (Iran)
Mansoureh Hasanzadeh, Afshin Danehkar, Majid AziziJournal: Ocean & Coastal Management Oil jetties are among the most effective land structures, which have cause a different potential for coastal environment destruction. These effects relate to the oil products of these industries that cause extensive oil pollution in coastal regions. Thus, the identification and prioritization of ...
Read MoreIntroducing a status of access to raw material resources for manufacturers of cellulosic industries
Majid Azizi, Charles RayJournal: Forest Policy and EconomicsDue to the implementation of Iran's Northern Forest Protection Plan for wood resources, manufacturers of wood and paper have a major problem in raw material supply in Iran; hence, they have to search for other resources to supply and procure their required raw material. Although there are som...
Read MoreProposing a decision model for privatization of newsprint paper industry by applying ANP
Majid Azizi, Charles RayJournal: Cogent Business & ManagementThis study proposes a decision model for privatization of newsprint paper industry. Newsprint paper has very demanding market requirements, ones that must be adapted in quality and quantity with consumers’ media preferences. In Iran, there is one newsprint paper producer that supplies 70% of dome...
Read MoreApplying ANP to analyze the role of design in the furniture industry
Majid Azizi, Gholamreza MehdikhanlooJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis study was carried out due to the severe dearth of research on the role of design in furniture production and the furniture market in Iran. Accordingly, this research proposes a decision making model to select the best solution for the role of design in this industry. The four possibilities t...
Read MoreAnalysis of Marketing strategic planning in the home furniture industry by applying ANP: a case study of the Iranian home furniture industry
Majid Azizi, Hamzehali MansouriJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis study was carried out because of the lack of research on strategic planning in Iran's home furniture market. Accordingly, in this study, we developed a decision-making model to select the best solution for strategic planning in the industry. After determining the strategic criteria or fa...
Read MoreComparative Measurement of Investment Funds Performance with Analytical Network Process: A Case Study in Serbia
Milena Jaksic, Predrag Mimovic, Violeta TodorovicJournal: Proceedings of the 3rd International OFEL Conference on Corporate Governance, Management and EntrepreneurshipThe measurement of financial institutions performance is a pre-condition for a complete view of the financial system efficiency. Thus, the modern financial environment imposes the need for constant finding and defining of the new concepts and performance measurement models with the aim of raising...
Read MoreMulticriteria approach to the evaluation of the key success factors of University spin-offs – the model of Analytic Network Process
A. Krstic, Predrag MimovicJournal: International Scientific Conference EBM, Contemporary Issues in Economics, Business and ManagementThis paper is published in International Scientific Conference EBM, Contemporary Issues in Economics, Business and Management, Conference Proceedings. ISBN 978-86-6091-049-5. Multicriteria approach to the evaluation of the key success factors of University spin-offs – the model of Analytic Netwo...
Read MoreReflections: Mathematical principles of decision making
Birsen KarpakJournal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessThis article discusses my reflections on Mathematical Principles of Decision Making by Thomas Saaty  (Saaty T. L., 2010). In this book, Saaty very clearly explains his Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) theory for measuring both tangible and intangible factors. Experts judgments are elicited about...
Read MoreA new combined IF-DEMATEL and IF-ANP approach for CRM partner evaluation
Gulcin Buyukozkan, Sezin Guleryuz, Birsen KarpakJournal: International Journal of Production EconomicsSelection of the most suitable business partner is a strategic decision for outsourcing problems. This study aims to provide an effective evaluation approach for assessing alternative CRM partners. The choice of a suitable partner is a very complex decision, involving many conflicting objectives ...
Read MoreTiming cooperative relationships with sequential capability development process to reduce capability development trade-offs
Ramesh Dangol, Mona Bahl, Birsen KarpakJournal: International Journal of Production EconomicsA key challenge for a firm is to continuously develop new capabilities in order to address changes in the external environment. Prior research on firm capabilities posits that knowledge sharing within supply chains can contribute to the firm׳s new capability development efforts. Although existing...
Read MoreSmall medium manufacturing enterprises in Turkey: An analytic network process framework for prioritizing factors affecting success
Birsen Karpak, lker TopcuJournal: International Journal of Production EconomicsA multiple criteria framework has been developed to prioritize the measures of success and the antecedents for Turkish small to medium sized manufacturing enterprises. Analytical network process (ANP) has been used to construct the framework because of the dependency among measures of success and...
Read MoreSustainable supply chain: a modification suggestion to an existing strategic framework
Birsen KarpakJournal: Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process for Multi-criteria Decision Making The 10th International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy ProcessSupply chain management is a prosperous area of research for AHP/ANP scientists. There have already been quite a few AHP/ANP applications. This presentation suggests an improvement in one of the existing ANP based strategic decision frameworks published in the literature. The published strategic...
Read MoreAn analytical network process-based framework for successful total quality management (TQM): An assessment of Turkish manufacturing industry readiness
Ozden Bayazit, Birsen KarpakJournal: International Journal of Production EconomicsIn this study, we have developed an analytic network process (ANP)-based framework to identify the level of impact of different factors on total quality management (TQM) implementation and to assess the readiness of the Turkish manufacturing industry to adopt TQM practices. ANP is a methodology r...
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